Kilimanjaro Mountain, also known as the “Roof of Africa”, is a dormant volcano located in northeastern Tanzania. It is the highest mountain in Africa, with a peak elevation of 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) above sea level. It is also the highest free-standing mountain in the world, rising nearly 4,900 meters (16,100 feet) above its surrounding plateau.

Geology and Geography:

Kilimanjaro is composed of three volcanic cones: Kibo, the highest; Mawenzi, at 5,149 meters (16,893 feet); and Shira, the lowest at 4,005 meters (13,140 feet). Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, while Kibo is dormant and could erupt again. Uhuru Peak, on the rim of Kibo’s crater, is the highest point on the mountain.

Climate and Vegetation:

Kilimanjaro has five distinct climatic zones, each with its unique vegetation. The lowest zone is the savannah, followed by the rainforest, the heath, the moorland, and the summit, which is a frozen wasteland.

Climbing Kilimanjaro:

Kilimanjaro is a popular destination for climbers from all over the world. There are several different routes to the summit, ranging from easy to challenging. The most popular route is the Machame Route, which takes about seven days to complete.

Interesting Facts:

• Kilimanjaro is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• The mountain is home to a variety of plant and animal life, including elephants, leopards, and buffaloes.
• The snow and ice on the summit of Kilimanjaro is shrinking due to climate change.

If you are interested in climbing Kilimanjaro, it is important to be in good physical condition and to acclimate to the altitude before attempting the climb. It is also important to hire a qualified guide to help you with the climb.

Kilimanjaro Mountain routes

Lemosho Route:

• Duration: 7 or 8 days
• Distance: 70km
• Difficulty: Moderate
• Description: This scenic route is known for its beautiful landscapes and diverse ecosystems, starting on the western slopes and offering gradual acclimatization. It’s also one of the less crowded options.
• Pros: Scenic, diverse landscapes, good acclimatization, less crowded
• Cons: Longer than some other routes, can be muddy during the rainy season

Machame Route:

• Duration: 6 days
• Distance: 62km
• Difficulty: Challenging
• Description: Nicknamed the “Whiskey Route” due to its difficulty, Machame offers stunning views and diverse landscapes, but it’s also steeper and more physically demanding.
• Pros: Beautiful views, diverse landscapes, good acclimatization
• Cons: Challenging, steeper inclines, more crowded

Marangu Route:

• Duration: 6 days
• Distance: 58km
• Difficulty: Easy
• Description: The easiest and most popular route, also known as the “Coca-Cola Route” due to its shared facilities and huts. It’s less scenic than others and can feel crowded, but offers good value and is suitable for beginners.
• Pros: Easiest route, good value, shared facilities and huts
• Cons: Less scenic, crowded, limited camping experience

Rongai Route:

• Duration: Minimum 6 days
• Distance: 70km
• Difficulty: Moderate
• Description: The only route approaching from the north, offering a unique perspective and diverse landscapes. It’s less crowded than other routes and known for its wildlife sightings.
• Pros: Unique perspective, diverse landscapes, less crowded, wildlife sightings
• Cons: Longer than some other routes, fewer amenities

Northern Circuit Route:

• Duration: 9 days
• Distance: 88km
• Difficulty: Moderate
• Description: The newest and longest route, offering a remote and scenic experience with diverse landscapes and wildlife sightings. It’s less crowded and considered one of the most beautiful routes.